1 Introduction to the Handbook on Tourism and Conservation  / Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole, Joseph E. Mbaiwa, Wame L. Hambira, and
Emmanuel Mogende   1

PART I TOURISM AND CONSERVATION IN PROTECTED AREAS
2 Tourism and conservation in protected areas: on collective efficacy / Jabulile Happyness Mzimela and Inocent Moyo   10
3 The prospects of forest-based tourism for marginalised communities / Joyce Lepetu, Gofaone Rammotokara and Hesekia Garekae   25
4 Human–elephant conflict: implications for rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation  / Kenalekgosi Gontse, Joseph E. Mbaiwa and Olekae T. Thakadu   37
5 Residents’ perception of ecotourism development at Tachila Nature Reserve, North-East District, Botswana / Joseph E. Mbaiwa and Unabo Tafa   54

PART II TOURISM AND CLIMATE CHANGE
6 Tourism and climate change adaptation in protected areas  / Kaarina Tervo-Kankare   73
7 Tourism and climate change vulnerabilities: a focus on African destinations  / Kaitano Dube   86
8 Tourism and climate change: consequences, adaptation and mitigation  / Esraa A. El-Masry   101
9 Evaluating climate change communication for sustainable environmental conservation in the tourism sector / Sharon Tshipa and Olekae T. Thakadu   115
10 Perspectives on the effects of environmental change in northern Botswana and its implications for CBNRM  / Maduo Mpolokang and Jeremy Perkins   130

PART III SUSTAINABLE AGRITOURISM
11 Potentials and challenges of sustainable agritourism in Fortín, Veracruz, Mexico  / Karina Nicole Pérez-Olmos, Noé Aguilar-Rivera and Carlos Enrique Villanueva-González   147
12 ‘Negotiating with the juggernaut’: on agritourism and the paradoxes of market-driven conservation  / Mikael Andéhn and Patrick J. N. L’Espoir Decosta   164
13 Micro and small-scale culture-based tourism initiatives as a livelihood option for rural women in Kenya  / Rita Wairimu Nthiga and Beatrice H. O. Ohutso Imbaya   176
14 Environmental impact of rural tourism  / Gondo Reniko and Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole   189
15 Towards agritourism development in Zimbabwe: growth potential, benefits and challenges  / Rudorwashe Baipai, Oliver Chikuta, Edson Gandiwa and Chiedza N. Mutangav   204

PART IV DESTINATION COMMUNITIES AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION
16 Commodification of nature and territorialization: conservation, local communities and Botswana’s international cooperation / Kekgaoditse Suping   223
17 Community-based natural resources management and poverty reduction  / Israel R. Blackie   237
18 Information communication technologies and community-based tourism organisations  / Siamisang Sehuhula   249
19 Assessing the role of the central government and communities in alleviating poverty through ecotourism  / Thekiso Molokwane and Agnes Tshepo Nkone   263
20 Sense of place and tourism in cultural landscapes  / Joseph E. Mbaiwa and Gladys B. Siphambe   278
21 Co-management of world heritage sites for community benefit  / Olekae T. Thakadu, Wame L. Hambira, Gaseitsiwe Smollie Masunga, Barbara N. Ngwenya, Abigail Lillian Engleton, Dandy Badimo and Ineelo Mosie   299

PART V CONCLUSION
22 The interlinkage between tourism, environmental conservation, and natural resource management: a synthesis  / Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole, Joseph E. Mbaiwa, Wame L. Hambira, and Emmanuel Mogende   328

Index

Edited by Joseph E. Mbaiwa, Professor of Tourism Studies, Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole, Professor of Rural Development, Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana, Wame L. Hambira, Associate Professor of Environmental Management, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources and Emmanuel Mogende, Lecturer of Natural Resource Governance, Department of Environmental Science, University of Botswana, Botswana