Organotin: Environmental Fate and Effects

Important biological effects include direct toxicity, embryogenetic effects, and bioaccumulation in fish, oysters and bivalves.

An introduction to organotin compounds and their use in anti-fouling coatings, Michael A. Champ and Peter F. Seligman; European policy and regulatory action for organotin-based anti-fouling paints, R. Abel; regulatory policies and strategies for organotin compounds, Michael A. Champ and Terry L. Wade; purge-trap method for determination of tributyltin by atomic absorption spectrometry, James H. Weber et al; gas chromatographic determination of butylin compounds in water using hydride derivatization, Cheryl L. Matthias; grignard derivatization and mass spectrometry as techniques for the analysis of butyltins in environmental samples, M.A. Unger et al; analytical methods for tributyltin in sediments and tissues, R.J. Huggett et al; comparison of methodologies for butyltin species determination, K.W.M. Siu and S. Berman; a review of acute effects of tributyltin compounds on aquatic biota, Lenwood W. Hall and Steven J. Bushong; experimental studies of chronic toxicity of tributyltin compounds, Roy B. Laughlin et al; an assessment of the value of shell thickening in Crassostrea gigas as an indicator of exposure to tributyltin, M.J. Waldock et al; embryogenesis and larval development in Crassostrea gigas - experimental data and field observations on the effect of tributyltin compounds, E. His; reproductive failure in the gastropod Nucella lapillus associated with Imposex caused by Tributyltin pollution - a review, P.E. Gibbs and G.W. Bryan; flowthrough bioassay studies on the effects of anti-fouling TBT leachates, R. Scott henderson and Sandra M. Salazar; mussels as bioindicators - effects of TBT on survival, bioaccumulation, and growth under natural conditions, Michael H. Salazar and Sandra M. Salazar; bioaccumulation of TBT by aquatic organisms, Roy B. Laughlin Jr; tributyltin bioconcentration from solution and suspended sediments by oysters, with a comparison with uptake in a field experiment, M.H. Roberts Jr, et al; metabolism of tributyltin by aquatic organisms, Richard F. Lee; measurement and significance of the release rate for tributyltin, Paul Schatzberg; environmental loading of tributyltin from drydocks and ship hulls, P.F. Seligman et al; persistence and fate of tributyltin in aquatic ecosystems, P.F. Seligman et al; particle-water partitioning and the role of sediments as a sink and secondary source of TBT, J.R.W. Harris et al; sorption behaviour of tributyltin, M.A. Unger; tributyltin concentration in waters of the Chesapeake Bay, R.J. Huggett et al; tributyltin concentrations in water, sediment, and bivalve tissues from San Diego Bay and Hawaiian harbours; tributyltin in Canadian waters; changes in concentrations of organotins in water and sediment in England and Wales following legislation; organotins in municipal wastewater and sewage sludge; research information requirements associated with the enviromental fate and effects of organotin compounds.