Introduction to vertebrate functional morphology; the cartilaginous skeleton of the sea lamprey - a family of non-collagen-based cartilages; evolutionary transformations of the respiratory islets of air-breathing organs in teleostean fishes; morphology of a fish head; functional aspects of a morphology - fish respiration, gulping and feeding; taste organs in lower vertebrates, morphology of the gustatory organs in fishes; functional morphology and evolution of the feeding apparatus in squamates; tast organs in lower vertebrates; morphology of the taste organs in amphibia; development and ultrastructure of the amphibian lungs - scanning and transmission electron microscopy study; reproductive systems of caudata amphibia; functional morphology of the woodpeckers feeding apparatus; the case of the cockatoo bill, horse hoof, whale baleen and turkey beard - integument as a model system to explore the concepts of homology and non-homology; the renal structure from fishes to birds; comparative morph-functional description of animal vessels; morphology of the digestive system in insectivora and chiroptera; mammalian reproduction - form and function; 3D reconstruction - an auspicious method in morphological research.